Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Using the questions below as a guide, write a response:

  • When you read your peer’s essay, did you find yourself comparing your essay to the essay you were reading? What similarities or differences did you notice? How did the approaches compare?
  • During the review process, did you come across any ideas for changes you wanted to make to your own essay? If so, provide examples.
  • Use the peer-review worksheet and try to answer the questions about your own essay. What areas may need to be revised? What strengths do you see in this draft?Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Tele Healthcare

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Approximately over 50 years of telehealth development has seen tackling of numerous medical conditions through the utilization of different types of technologies. Tele healthcare has been associated with a wide variety of outcomes in the healthcare. Despite the fact that it as shown great promise in the modern times, it has also triggered a number of challenges for interpretation and technical issues that are linked to the lack of technological expertise among the healthcare practitioners. For instance, then challenges that exist in defining such terms as telehealth is a reflection of the broader difficulties when it comes to the interpretation of the complex interplay that exists between clinical output, patient involvement, service designs and technology. Despite these significant challenges whose impacts in the healthcare delivery is great, the significance of telehealth practices cannot be overlooked in terms of the patient outcomes and efficiency of healthcare delivery. Tele healthcare has enhanced information sharing between patients and doctors even those who are located in the remote areas. It has made it possible to monitor the progress of patients within and outside the facilities devoid of the need to have physical meetings. The benefits of tele healthcare outweigh its pitfalls hence it is important that is integrated into medical practices to optimize patient outcomes.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Tele healthcare is depicted as personalized healthcare that is delivered over a long distance such that data is transferred from the patients to the professionals and back. It has played a key role in enhancing feedback from the patients to the professionals for the interest of evidence-based decision making and treatment. For instance, the significance of telehealth can be evident among the inpatients with severe long-term conditions such as diabetes and long-term asthma. It has played a key role in reducing hospital admissions without increasing mortality.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Advantages of Tele Healthcare

There are numerous advantages of tele healthcare. To start with is that it is powered by technology. Technological advancement in the modern times has made it easy for various organizational operations. Technological advancement has been adopted across all spheres of life and healthcare is not an exemption. Creating a balance between healthcare practices and technology is a key requirement when it comes to the medical operations and practices (Dorsey & Topol, 2016). The case of the importance of tele healthcare can be witnessed in electronic health records whereby a medical professional admits the patient and their data is keyed in the system. This data is required in the entire decision making process that concern the various approaches to treatment.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

In the nursing practice, the concept of evidence-based practice has gained course with the increasing need to implement and adopt it in the healthcare. As such, telehealth has played a key role in eradicating the physical barriers that used to undermine the treatment process. Specifically, the patients who do not need to be admitted or readmitted to the nursing homes have a chance to receive medical services while still at their homes (Lee & Billings, 2016). They are monitored through the tele healthcare approaches that facilitate the transmission of data from the patients to the professionals and back. Long-term conditions such as diabetes and asthma are claiming many lives in the United States today.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

According to Gulla (2018), approximately more than 100 million people are living with diabetes in the United States. The Centers of Disease Control and Prevention has reported that around 9.4% are living with acute diabetes in the United States (Gulla, 2018). The basic question that comes herein is how tele healthcare has played a major role in the delivery of health services from the medical professionals to the patients especially those in remote areas who have remained underserved. The Centers of Disease Control and Prevention have cited cost as one of the biggest challenges that have undermined the remediation of the long-term conditions in the country. The cost of treatment has been reduced significantly with reduced physical meetings between the nurses and patients. The patient have a chance to acquire medical assessment and advice while at their homes without necessarily having to hold physical meetings with the practitioners.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

It is important to underscore the fact that tele healthcare is a win-win situation for both the patients and medical practitioners. This is because the pressure that has been piling in nursing homes has reduced. According to Kaambwa et.al. (2017), the key cause of medical errors in the nursing facilities is high doctor-patient ratio. The focus on one patient has been overlooked due to the huge populations of patients who visit healthcare facilities every day. Tele healthcare has helped by and large to remedy this challenge that has remained to be a thorn not only in the nursing practice and in the entire healthcare fraternity.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Timely information access is another advantage associated with tele healthcare. It has helped the healthcare professionals to have access to information at any given time and place provided there is network coverage and the access is authorized. One of the ways in which telehealth has helped to achieve this is the integration of patient data. Hospitals have come together and integrated their data for the interest of enhancing patient outcomes. Medical professionals have, for instance, joined associations that have reiterated the significance of having an integrated system to enhance information access between the patients and medical professionals. The patient with long-term conditions could have special gadgets that they can use to make important communications with the medical professionals in which they are able to receive medical advice. This is one of the practices that have played a major role in reducing mortality rates and deaths associated with time lapses especially as a result of delays between the occurrence of an emergency and response time (Polinski et.al., 2016).Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

In tele healthcare, by a click of a button, one can be able to access the history of the patients from the time of admission to the subsequent treatments that they have been subjected to for the interest of understanding the best medical approaches to subject them to. The history of the patient includes data of the previous treatments in other facilities for the same or different diseases. This has been key in the decision making process in the healthcare arena.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

According to Hellen (2017), the primary interest of the healthcare practices is to enhance patient outcomes and help the patient to regain their health both in the short-term and long-term. Take for instance the case of the Affordable Care Act. It was enacted with the interest to enhance patient outcomes through the provision of universal healthcare insurance, efficiency in the standard procedures and practices of treatment and more importantly reduction of costs. Tele health is among major approaches that have bene established to increase efficiency of healthcare delivery. In other words, when it comes to the debate on the best practices in healthcare, the aspect of time cannot be overlooked. In other words, the patient outcomes of the treatment process also depend on the response time. Some conditions such as diabetes trigger other related conditions such as high blood pressure and inconsistent glucose levels in the body. These are issues that if not resolved within the shortest time possible could see patients even lose their lives.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

As mentioned above, the use of radiofrequency transmissions and other related technologies has enabled the medical professionals to understand the condition of the patients at any given time. With this understanding, the treatment process has been simplified real time because of the close coordination between the patients and nurses. It should be noted that information forms the primary basis of the treatment process. A lack of information is an indication that the decision making process will definitely be delayed which means that the condition of the patient could worsen off by the time they are attended to. The ability to fast-track the progress of the patient has become key in resolving some of the key issues that affect the patients with long-term conditions that have been claiming many lives in the United States today.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Telemedicine has relieved the nursing homes of the burden to provide round-the-clock care for the patients suffering from complex medical conditions. As mentioned earlier, tele healthcare has made it possible to gather data from the patients which is further used in the decision making process. The pressure that used to be witnessed in then healthcare facilities has been eased significantly with the increasing need to enhance outcomes and make the treatment process as efficient as possible (Wade et.al, 2016).Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Controversies Surrounding Tele Healthcare

In as much as tele healthcare has eased the treatment process significantly, the has come another burden to the patient and the nursing homes to get the necessary equipment to facilitate the treatment process. It follows that according to Collins et.al, (2017), the healthcare industry whether private or state healthcare organizations are grappling with the challenge of underfunding and budget deficits. It is important to underscore the fact that the treatment process by use of telemedicine is also increasingly technical. This is because of the technology that comes in between the coordination of technology and delivery of healthcare. Acquisition of the necessary equipment has become a key challenge in the nursing practice.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

The issue of network is also a challenge. This is especially for the patients who reside in remote areas which are network deprived. Then coordination of the technological gadgets that are used in tele healthcare cannot work properly without proper technological connections. Whenever there are mishaps in information flows, the consequences of such a situation could be dire. It follows that medical practitioners may be unable to fast-track the condition of the patients in the short-term, something that could lead to delayed care.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

The culture of technical meetings with the patients has made it difficult to adopt tele health in the nursing practice. For instance, there are patients who are used to face to face meetings with the medical professionals. There are others who are not educated hence efficiency of treatment cannot be overlooked in this equation of healthcare practice. The use of technology for these parties could sound challenging especially when it comes to interpreting the various indications of the gadgets. This is a key challenge that has significantly undermined the treatment process.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Possible Challenges when Using Tele Healthcare

Network and level of education are key challenges when using tele-healthcare. Network is required in the transmission of information from the patients to the medical professionals and back. The challenge of network is especially witnessed in the remote areas. The level of education has impact on how efficient the technology gadgets are in helping the patients to transmit data and any inquiries to their respective facilities. Other issues include the level of training, cultural competencies, resource availability among others.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Technology Contributions to Healthcare

The contributions of technology to the healthcare are both positive and negative. The positive significance of technology include reduced costs, enhanced information sharing, efficiency, accuracy, speedy treatments, emergency responses, reduction in workloads among the medical professionals among others. Misdiagnosis is a primary challenge undermining the healthcare practices. Any case of misdiagnosis is inherited in the entire treatment process. Other challenges include lack of standard practices in then healthcare to facilitate tele health services.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

In conclusion, tele healthcare has extended its beneficial aspects to different sets of capacities including patients, providers, communities and government. Patients are no longer required to travel to distant specialists to acquire medical attention. This is being done conveniently in their homes. Circuit riding specialists using tele healthcare approaches are saving substantial amounts of time. Some of the challenges associated with it include technical problems, safety concerns such as confidentiality and data losses and interface problems. The benefits, however, outweigh the challenges by a large margin.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

References

Collins, A., Burns, C. L., Ward, E. C., Comans, T., Blake, C., Kenny, L., ... & Best, D. (2017). Home-based telehealth service for swallowing and nutrition management following head and neck cancer treatment. Journal of telemedicine and telecare, 23(10), 866-872.

Dorsey, E. R., & Topol, E. J. (2016). State of telehealth. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(2), 154-161.

Gulla, V. (2018). Telehealth networks for hospital services: New methodologies. Hershey, PA: Medical Information Science Reference.

Helen, M. (2017). Fundamental aspects of long term conditions: A handbook for students of nursing and health. London: Quay Books, a division of MA Healthcare.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Kaambwa, B., Ratcliffe, J., Shulver, W., Killington, M., Taylor, A., Crotty, M., ... & Kidd, M. R. (2017). Investigating the preferences of older people for telehealth as a new model of healthcare service delivery: A discrete choice experiment. Journal of telemedicine and telecare, 23(2), 301-313.

Lee, A. C. W., & Billings, M. (2016). Telehealth implementation in a skilled nursing facility: case report for physical therapist practice in Washington. Physical therapy, 96(2), 252-259.

Polinski, J. M., Barker, T., Gagliano, N., Sussman, A., Brennan, T. A., & Shrank, W. H. (2016). Patients’ satisfaction with and preference for telehealth visits. Journal of general internal medicine, 31(3), 269-275.

Wade, V. A., Taylor, A. D., Kidd, M. R., & Carati, C. (2016). Transitioning a home telehealth project into a sustainable, large-scale service: a qualitative study. BMC health services research, 16(1), 183.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

HIV ROUGH PAPER

Criminalizing HIV non-disclosure laws were first established in the 1990s before a clear understanding of HIV and HIV transmission. In the beginning of the HIV crisis, HIV was being transmitted at high rates. Lawmakers believed that by making criminalizing laws that it would increase HIV non-disclosure rates. However, because the laws targeted people with HIV fear was created by people with HIV of being prosecuted. Instead of people disclosing their HIV status, they failed to get tested and didn’t disclose their status to anyone. Over the past thirty years, the criminalizing HIV has not shown to have no impact on HIV transmission. Medication available today has been studied and shown to decrease transmission rates and even stop new transmission of HIV to people who are HIV negative.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

In the past thirty years, the HIV epidemic has impacted individuals on a global level. In the beginning of the HIV crisis, many people were being infected with the deadly disease. In 1981 the first person was diagnosed with HIV (CDC, 2018). Within two decades, the disease had spread to thousands of people. Thousands of men, women and children were being infected and diagnosed with HIV. Because the disease was spreading at an alarming rate, the government decide to implement a law regarding HIV transmission. In 1990, the first criminalizing HIV non-disclosure law was established. According the Center for Disease Control, “these laws impose criminal penalties on people living with HIV who know their HIV status and who potentially expose others to HIV” (CDC, n.d.)Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment. The laws may have been intended to stop the transmission of HIV, however that purpose was not achieved. The criminalizing HIV law installed fear and contentment for people with HIV. Instead of helping and educating people with HIV, the law made people infected with HIV hide in fear of being prosecuted for having the disease. In men clinic, a questionnaire conducted by Kesler, Kaul, Loutfy, Myers, & Brunetta involving HIV testing. Of those questioned, 73% of the participants stated that they were scared of being put in jail for not disclosing their HIV status (Kesler, 2018). In another research involving women with HIV, the authors states “women may delay disclosure to sexual partners due to fear of stigma” (Patterson, Milloy, Ogilvie, Greene, Nicholson, Vonn, Hogg, Kaida). The fear of repercussions of jail time must be removed from the HIV communities to aide in disclose. Communities are put at risk when people with HIV fail to disclose their HIV status. The current HIV criminalizing laws are based on outdated information. HIV non-disclosure laws doesn’t incorporate prevention measures, new medication available or the use of condoms (Lehman, Carr, Nichol, Ruisanchez, Knight, Langford, Gray, & Mermin, 2014). To reduce fear in the HIV community, to increase HIV testing and decrease HIV transmission the criminalizing HIV law should be eliminated as law prosecuting HIV individuals.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

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“For the past three decades, legislative approaches to prevent HIV transmission have been used at the national, state, and local levels” (Lehman, 2014). In the United States, 32 states have criminalizing HIV non-disclosure laws. The current laws are formatted from information and statists from the 1990. According to Stackpool-Moore a person that knows their HIV status and engages in irresponsible or careless behavior can be subjected to criminal misconduct and placed in jail (Stackpool-Moore, 2013). Under the criminalizing HIV laws, an individual with HIV can be imprisoned for risky behavior such as spitting on a person. Even though saliva has been ruled out as a risk for transmitted HIV, HIV-positive people can face jail time for spitting. A person with HIV can be prosecuted for a misdemeanor or felony depending on the states the act occurred in. For example, in North Carolina and Maryland a person that fails to disclose their HIV status can be charged with misdemeanor (Lehman, 2014)Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment. In other states the person can face up to ten years in prison for not disclosing HIV status. States are using outdated information related to HIV. In Canada, if a positive HIV individual is convicted under their criminalization law, they can face up to life in jail and listed on the National Sex Offender Registry (Patterson, 2015). Consequently, people with HIV are being targeted by these outdated laws. “Arguing against the criminalizing HIV law, some health commentators believe the laws undermine U.S. public health efforts to prevent further infections” (Hanrsono, Galletly, O’Keefe, & Lazzarini, 2017). Fear of incarceration continues to deter individuals with HIV from essential testing. In order for an individual to receive medication for HIV, they must be tested first. Many individuals know the law exist and fail to get tested because of it. According to Kesler, because individuals are afraid of the criminalizing HIV law they are refusing to get tested and putting thousands of people at risk for HIV transmission. So, if fear is what is stopping individuals from testing shouldn’t the fear be removed. The criminalizing HIV laws has placed fear in the communities instead of promoting health as once believed. In an article written by Grace the author states, “ there is no scientific evidence to suggest that a positive correlation exists between the law prevalence of HIV in a country and the use of the criminal law” (Grace, 2015)Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment. Eliminating the criminalizing HIV non- disclosure law, could increase HIV testing. Testing is an important aspect to decreasing HIV transmission. Knowing their HIV status could decrease transmission rates. Communities HIV transmission rate decline with each test performed on at risk individuals. The criminalizing HIV laws were established without considering medication that could reduce transmission of HIV and even prevent the transmission of HIV.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Currently there are several antiviral medications available to the community to reduce HIV. Treatment of antiretroviral medication has shown to slow down the probability of contracting HIV. According to the CDC, antiretroviral HIV regimen helps individual with HIV live longer and healthier lives. In addition, individuals are now being offered medication that can stop the transmission of HIV. Pre- exposure prophylaxis (known as PreP) is a medication that is given to people that do not have HIV but at risk for contacting the disease. The CDC further states the medication PreP works by keeping the virus from becoming a permanent infection. If people are risk for HIV or that have HIV begin treatment regimens to stop the disease, why does the law still criminalize them? Criminalizing HIV does not promote intake of medication or preventive medication. Promoting healthy habits by individuals with is why the law was started however, that is not the circumstances at the present.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

In conclusion, laws that criminalize individuals because of their HIV status is not supporting positive health in the society. As stated by Lazzarini, Galletly, Mykhalovaskiy, Harsono, O’Keefe, Singer, & Levine, “ concerns remains that these laws are often used to punish behavior that poses little or no risk of transmission and may have negative impacts on public health practices and efforts to reduce HIV infections” (Lazzarini, 2013). Studies have shown over the past thirty years that preventive measures and the right medication can prevent the spread of HIV. If HIV transmission rates can be decreased with medication and HIV transmission can even be stopped does society really need laws criminalizing HIV individuals? With new and current technology and medication being study, HIV can be eradicated. The criminalizing HIV law may have worked in the beginning however, now they are outdated and only elicits fear in the HIV communities.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

References

CDC. (n.d.). Retrieved August 12, 2018, from HIV- Specific Criminal Laws: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/policies/states/exposure.html

Grace, D. (2015, July). Criminalizing HIV transmission suing model law: troubling best practice standardizations in the global HIV/AIDS response. Critical public health, 25(4), 441-454. Retrieved July 9, 2018, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2015.1049121

Harsono, D. G. (2016). Criminalization of HIV Exposure: A Review of Empiricals Studies in the United States. AIDS Behav, 21, 27-50. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1540-5

Kesler, M. K. (2018, January). Posecution of non-disclosure of HIV status: Potential impact on HIV testing and transmission among HIV-negative men who have sex with men. PLOS ONE; San Francisco, 13(2). doi:10.1371/journal.prone.0193269

Lazzarini, Z. J. (2013, August). Criminalization of HIV Transmission and Exposure: Research and Policy Agenda. American Journal of Public Health, 103(8). Retrieved August 7, 2018, from web.ebscohost.com.westcoastuniversity.idm.oclc.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=18sid=d6eob118

Lehman, S. C. (2014). Prevalance and public health implications of state laws that criminalize potential HIV exposure in the United States. AIDS AND, 18(6), 997-1006. doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0724-0

Patterson, S. M.-J. (2015, December). The impact of criminalization of HIV non-disclosure on the healthcare engagement of women living with HIV in Canda: A comphrensive review of the evidence. Journal Of The International AIDS Society, 18(1). doi:10.7448/IAs.18.20572Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Stackpool-Moore, L. (2013, June). The intention may not be cruel...but the impact may be: understand legislators' motives and wider public attitudes to a draft HIV Bill in Malawi. Sexual Transmitted Infections; London, 89(4), 285. doi:10.1136/sextrans-2012050976

Signature Essay Peer Review Worksheet

For this assignment, your objective is to provide high-level feedback to one of your fellow classmates that will help to improve her or his final essay. Please completely fill out each question in this worksheet to help your fellow student.

Name of the student whose essay you reviewed:

Your Name:

First, in three to five sentences , summarize the overall argument addressed in this essay as well as how well you think this draft meets the assignment requirements listed in the Signature Assignment Instructions.

 

Next, answer each of the following questions using complete sentences, addressing each question in its entirety, and providing specific examples when possible.

Remember that you can give both positive and negative answers to help highlight the best aspects of the essay and those areas that need revision.Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Content-Specific Questions

  • Can you identify the main argument being discussed?
  • Can you identify the thesis statement? Does it address the main points that the writer will be making in the essay?
  • At any point in the essay, can you identify the author’s opinion on the controversy? If so, can you address where the bias is revealed?
  • Are the arguments for both sides equally addressed?

Organization

  • How effectively does the introduction engage the reader while providing an overview of the main argument?
  • Can you identify the topic sentences for each body paragraph? Be sure to list any body paragraphs that do not appear to have topic sentences.
  • Does the paper effectively use transitions? Be sure to point out any areas where a topic shift occurs that seems to be abrupt.
  • Is the conclusion effective? Does it summarize the main points and bring the discussion to a logical and satisfying ending?Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment

Format

Does the essay use appropriate APA formatting, including double-spacing, Times New Roman, 12-point font, 1" margins, and appropriate paragraph indentations?

 

  • Can you identify any areas where outside sources appear to be used without including in-text citations? Provide specific examples here. Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment
  • When in-text citations are used, do they follow APA formatting?
  • Does the essay include the required eight sources?
  • Can you identify any issues with the reference page? If so, please provide specific examples,
  • Grammar and Mechanics
    • Does the writer use proper grammar, punctuation, and spelling? If not, please provide examples of errors in need of correction.
    • Is the writing clear and comprehensible throughout the draft? If not, please provide examples in need of improvement.

    Three strengths of this version of this essay are:

  • Three aspects of this essay to work on before final submission are :Tele Healthcare Nursing Essay Assignment